I need an ancient?

I need an ancient PrepHole warfare thread. Discussion and aesthetics.
From persian wars 499 bc to Punic wars 143 bc

  1. 4 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    For me it’s alexander at Gaugamela and Hannibal at cannae

  2. 4 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    The peloponesian wars were also kino

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      The breakout from Plataea always gives me chills and a swelling sensation in the core of me soul. Absolutely would make a great movie if played straight from Thucydides, but you just know some commie would be cast as director and they would work in some way to make it pro-commie/anti-white/"there-are-no-western-heroes"/"muh-strong-female-protagonist-of-the-people" shit.

      A true to source, non-woke miniseries of the Pellopenesian war is one of my simple desires.

      Even one of the just the Corinthian war if one wants to be less ambitious. Just give me accurate depictions of classical Greek warfare and politics.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        My dream is a movie about Marathon that is mostly historical, but also includes some of the legends surrounding the battle. Stuff like Philippides speaking with Pan, Theseus showing up, the hoplite with his dog, and things like that.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        If you didn't already know this (ie if you're a zoomie), the movie "The Warriors" is inspired by this and is straight 70s kino, highly recommended.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Warriors is the Anabasis.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Warriors is the Anabasis.

          You see, this is exactly the kind of shit I am not interested in. We turn an inspiring "against-all-odd-miltary-adventure" involving tactics and battles and men into some shit about minorities and women and gang violence in the hood. I did not find it to be KINO at all. It was shit which draws detail from the Anabasis such that one of the characters is named Cyrus and he was a sort of leader.

  3. 4 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    Scipio Africanus, he never lost

    • 4 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      The Carthaginians were cool, the ancient Greek hoplites were also neat

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        the carthaginians literally sacrificed their own children and rome was right to destroy them.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          >the carthaginians literally sacrificed their own children and rome was right to destroy them.
          >Roman authors claim that the Carthaginians sacrifice their firstborn
          >Roman authors also record Hannibal as being his father's firstborn
          >People still believe the Roman web of lies

          • 3 weeks ago
            Anonymous

            >It is roman so it is a lie
            Away with your silliiness

          • 3 weeks ago
            Anonymous

            Yeah, about that.
            https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=honorscollege_anthro

            • 3 weeks ago
              Anonymous

              To add to this, it seems no tophets have been found in their Spanish territories.

              https://www.tharros.info/text/1303/en

              Now consider that Hamilcar didn't sacrifice Hannibal and that some people say that the Barcid family originally came from the Greek colony of Cyrene. I wonder if the Barcids weren't Greek or at least Hellenized Phoenicians and simply didn't take part in the child sacrifices. That could partially explain why the Barcids fucked off to Spain after the 1st Punic War and didn't have much to do with Carthage until the 2nd war.
              It's worth noting that the Barcids, especially Hannibal, did not act in the typical way that Semitics do. After the 2nd war, Hannibal basically ended corruption in the city so that the could pay the Roman war reparations, but was then forced to leave after the seething Punic nobles tried to sell him out to the Romans.

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                I love Cyrene
                A city on a slope crowned by the old Pantheon
                The theater and library are famous
                Hanging gardens from terraces, lots of eating places and cafes, food is mainly meat seafood and vegetables
                The gentle breezes of North Africa and the deep rich soil.
                In the distance the port full of boats from all nations of antiquity and their gaudy sails
                At the gates camel riding traders from Garamantes and Egypt
                So safe ancient people could walk around after dark
                garden gnomes are banned too by Titus
                Far away from the brutal warfare of Berbers
                Its Cyrene for me

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                For me it's Sybaris.
                *BUUUUUUUUUUUUURP*
                Pardon.

          • 3 weeks ago
            Anonymous

            If your culture is to sacrifice 1stborns, surely you would start counting at the second child right?

  4. 4 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    "These don't look like barbarians to me. Let's see what they can do." King Pyrrhus on observations of a Roman Republican camp. What did he see bros?

    • 4 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      He saw the Sons of Romulus organized using the Maniple system and not the teeming mass of unorganized Barbarians he expected.

      • 4 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        From what I recall, the problem with the Pyrrhic Wars was, well, they were Pyrrhic. Pyrrhus won every military confrontation with the Romans. The problem was Rome was too big. They could recover from every battle they lost against the Greeks, but the Greeks couldn't recover from their own victories.

        Textbook case of an unwinnable war.

        • 4 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Honestly I blame the Greek city states in Italy more then Pyrrhus. They wanted the Epirot to deal with the Romans but didn't really want to contribute themselves. They also got super uppity when Pyrrhus started trying to organize them and station garrisons in their cities. Sure Pyrrhus was just using their peril as an in to create a western Empire of his own, but why invite him to aid you in the first place if you are just gonna sit on your hands. I guess they wanted Pyrrhus to smack the Romans around just enough to be left alone again.

          • 4 weeks ago
            Anonymous

            I think a problem of the old world was not enough realpolitik.

            • 4 weeks ago
              Anonymous

              Also the fact that they were not really a united Front, each city had it's own leaders with their own opinions, there wasn't any sort of universal agreement when the message got sent to Pyrrhus in the first place. They didn't want to get subjugated by the stinky Roman Barbarians but the idea of getting put under Pyrrhus's thumb wasn't attractive either.

          • 3 weeks ago
            Anonymous

            I'm seeing a modern parallel to it. China (Rome) vs the United States + Asia-Pacific allies (Epirus + Greek Italian league).

            • 3 weeks ago
              Anonymous

              Sorry to sound like a "no fun allowed" retard, but modern china has so little in common with the rise of the republic, it's comical.
              Also modern warfare is pretty different to ancient times, to a point that you can argue that the US is too far ahead in the tech race.
              Advances in AI will make things even worse. Unless China manages to fix their fucked up environment and invents a nobel way to wage war that somehow vears US overwhelming firepower, they're doomed to be kwarhezmia after Ghengis started to chimp out.

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                The US is similar to Epirus in that it has both a highly professional military and cutting edge technology, but lacks the necessary quantity and willpower to extend and contain China. Also, unreliable allies. Meanwhile, even by losing just a few thousand troops is enough for the people to consider pulling out of the hypothetical Asian war (this has happened numerous times since 1945).

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                I think you underestimate the resources the US has at it's disposal and how wobbly the current situation for china is.
                Rome was until the late republic food secure.
                Modern china is one recession away from people starving.
                I understand you want to make parallels, but culturally alone China has so little in common with Rome, you might as well compare them to medieval Danes.

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                https://i.imgur.com/vN53Sjo.png

                >t lacks the necessary quantity and willpower to extend and contain China.
                This is a child's understanding of China. There is no force on this planet capable of providing a challenge to the United States in an open engagement until it has a civil war or becomes so monstrously degenerate it cant even keep half of it's current fleets floating.

                China has the willpower to continue the war even if it had to resort to cannibalism to feed its army. The US pulled out of Afghanistan after just losing a few thousand personnel. The US military is a paper tiger, totally devoid of proper support from the public, with fifth column far-left/far-right all over the country, and corporations eager to betray/move elsewhere for profit.

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                >China has the willpower to continue the war even if it had to resort to cannibalism to feed its army
                Is this supposed to sound good?
                >The US pulled out of Afghanistan after just losing a few thousand personnel.
                After 20 years.
                >The US military is a paper tiger
                kek
                >totally devoid of proper support from the public, with fifth column far-left/far-right all over the country, and corporations eager to betray/move elsewhere for profit.
                Got any data to even indicate your headcanon is valid at slightest?

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                >China has the willpower to continue the war even if it had to resort to cannibalism to feed its army.
                Post your gun with timestamp, chang. It doesnt matter how many of your men you let starve, it wouldn't win you your first war against an outside power in FIVE HUNDRED YEARS.

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                >Willpower
                Doesn't matter if your industrial base is one blown up dam away from collapse.
                >USA army &Navy is a paper Tiger
                The common misperception with the USA is that since you are oublicly allowed to point out flaws, that the flaws will never be fixed. The US is bot a third worl potemkin army. Look at the battle of Conocco fields. If you don't have a way to shut down the US airforce, you will die
                >fifth columnists/traitors
                As if the US state security services don't know how to deal with retards when push comes to shove.
                >companies do what they want.
                I thought so too, then Putin did the funny last year and suddenly almost all US companies left russia. Even corpos with big investments like Mc Donalds or Exxon. Zeihan was pretty on point when he said:"Companies can do dumb stuff because the US state department allows them to do that."

                Sorry chang, but China ain't gonna beat the US in a straight up fight. You're just mithridates for the next president to take out.

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                Ur gay

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                >t lacks the necessary quantity and willpower to extend and contain China.
                This is a child's understanding of China. There is no force on this planet capable of providing a challenge to the United States in an open engagement until it has a civil war or becomes so monstrously degenerate it cant even keep half of it's current fleets floating.

    • 4 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Pyrrhus was an old head, an inheritor of the Greek military tradition used to bring Persia to it's knees. Of course when going to meddle in Italian affairs he would see himself as being both culturally and militarily superior to a bunch of regional upstarts like the Romans. When he arrived and saw them in the field however they seemed a lot more organized and well drilled then he had been led to believe. The Samnite wars had turned the Romans into into a pretty well oiled machine. The anecdote you are referencing could also just be something made up after the Romans bloodied Pyrrhus in the field, a cute little story to make it seem like the great Pyrrhus saw it coming. Roman Historians love sucking Pyrrhus's knob because being able to say you fought a great Greek Warrior King to an impasse comes with a lot of international clout. The Romans were not just beating Samnites or the wider Latin League, they were going toe to toe with a famous Alexander like conqueror who brought a proper Macedonian Phalanx and Indian War Elephants to Italia.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        >These don't look like barbarians to me. We'll see what they can do.

    • 4 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      A reasonably well ordered camp. It wouldn't have been in that classic rectangle shape that Romans are known for since it wasn't developed yet

  5. 4 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    By Jvpiter what is that?

  6. 4 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    >tfw no cute bloodthirsty amazon wife

    • 4 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Muh Queen of the King of Kings

  7. 4 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    Phyrrus was the only Greek who won such victories against the Romans. Was he that much better than the others, or did the Romans just adapt their tactics better in the future.

    • 4 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Pyrrhus was definitely a cut above the rest, you don't get a reputation for being a six foot tall giga-chad cutting people in half down the middle with a single blow and always leading your men from the front unless it's at least partly true. All the Diadochi larped as Alexander but Pyrrhus truly lived up to the Hellenistic hype. The dude loved a good scrap and his men loved him for it, evidenced by the fact that they were willing to follow him on just about any strange foreign venture he put his mind to.

      • 4 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        The fact that all the successors continuously larped as Alexander while Alexander was just larping as Achilles will never not be funny

        • 4 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Larping is a core part of human nature. Every society is larping as another, that society was larping as another, and so on.

        • 4 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Achilles < Diomedes

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Alexander was greater than Achilles. The successors were mostly embarrassing.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        And then someone's grandma domed him with a roof tile. History is pretty funny.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Less ironic than you think. The only way to kill his is by taking him by surprise

    • 4 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      The later successor kingdoms got lazy. Alexander had all sorts of support units for his phalangites such as hypaspists, peltasts, and so cavalry. The later Macedonians in particular don't seem to have payed as much attention to these support units and instead went all in on pikes and heavy cav. The Selucids had good support units, but they were all retards except for Seleucus I and couldn't have won against the Romans if they'd had planes and tanks.

      That's not to downplay Pyrrhus though. The man ate, slept, and breathed war. It was literally all he would talk about and he would often change the subject to war whenever he was at a feast or something like that. He absolutely would post here were he alive today.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        Imagine Pyrrhus' shitposts after he adjusts to current year. It would be magical.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          IIRC he was different from everyone else because, like Alexander the great and the ancient Greek hero's of the trojan war, he personally led soldiers into battle instead of staying behind and just giving commands like most generals and kings. He defiantly would be shitposting.

          Movies and TV make it seem like the leader of armies leading troops into combat was more common than it really was.

          >Stannis in game of thrones being the worst example I can think of, makes no sense for him to do that

          https://i.imgur.com/t7l4uqs.jpg

          >tfw no cute bloodthirsty amazon wife

          • 3 weeks ago
            Anonymous

            >the leader of armies leading troops into combat was more common than it really was.
            Many leaders in antiquity fought with their men, especially Hellenistic kings who were all larping as Alexander. Pyrrhus wasn't particularly special in that regard, he was just a better warrior, both personally and tactically, than any of his peers. The only commanders I can think of off hand who didn't make a habit of fighting at the front are Hannibal Barca and Julius Caesar. Even then, both of them definitely fought personally at various times, especially Hannibal who had been an officer under his father and brother since he was a teenager, and would always command from as close to the front as the feasibly could.

            Lazy or they did not understand Alexander's military as Alexander understood them?

            Probably a mix of both and likely more and more of the latter as the years passed by.

            • 3 weeks ago
              Anonymous

              >Probably a mix of both and likely more and more of the latter as the years passed by
              To be fair, some of them lasted a lot longer then they should have, even the pathetic destinies of being promoted from Roman satraps to Roman provinces are impressive when you consider how they started.

            • 3 weeks ago
              Anonymous

              ol Julius personally led a charge a couple of times

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                Caesar also fought as an infantryman in Spain as a young man, there is a story of him being a jidge for a trial and a guy recognizes him as having saved his life during a battle.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        What's the point of the silly protuberence on top of their helmets?

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Looks cool. Simple as.
          The Phyrgian is probably my favorite of the Greek helmets, especially with the beard.

          • 3 weeks ago
            Anonymous

            Based. I love the phyrgian. and the boeotian is beautiful also. hellenic age was glorious

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Helmets of the era often imitated popular hat styles. This one was modelled after the Phrygian hat which had a long, soft, conical apex.

          Other hat-derived helmets are for example pilos and Boeotian ones. Some city states made a point of using helmets resembling their "national" hats.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        Lazy or they did not understand Alexander's military as Alexander understood them?

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        I don't really think the defeats of the Successors at the hands of the Romans were attributable to either lack of supporting arms or formation. There are basically three big key battles the Romans won, Cynoscephalae, Magnesia and Pydna.

        Cynoscephalae saw Philip's phalanx beat back the Romans while on a hill (yet brainlets will still tell you phalanxes disintegrated if on anything that wasn't a flat plain). The Roman victory was owed to their capable use of elephants, Nicanor's failure to form up his wing and the unnamed tribune attacking Philip V's wing at the crucial moment. No matter the formation or support, I don't think any army could reasonably be expected to survive being flanked like that.

        Magnesia was won by the Pergamene cavalry and Antiochus not doing a single intelligent thing, instead choosing to fuck off the battlefield to attack the Roman camp, the exact same thing he did at Raphia, which he also lost.

        And Pydna sees Perseus completely failing to deploy his cavalry, possibly because he was away from the battlefield to offer sacrifices thinking he'd already won, returning far too late. Meanwhile, the phalanx lost its cohesion while pursuing the retreating Romans.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          You're attributing it more to just incompetence then? I can certainly see that, especially with such shining examples of it as Perseus and the Selucids. I do differ when it comes to Cynoscephalae though.
          >Nicanor's failure to form up his wing
          This sort of thing is exactly what i was talking about. Alexander would have had cavalry and other troops ready to move in and engage the Romans while Nicanor formed up. Phillip V did exactly this on his side of the field which is why he was successful early on, but where was Nicanor's support? You mention elephants as a reason for the Roman victory, but the successors knew how to deal with elephants and Nicanor probably could have had he had the proper support.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      It's a mixture. Pyrrhus was considered one of the greatest generals of all time by Hannibal Barca of all people, so if that does say something, I dunno what will. Regarding Rome, they didn't exactly have tactics especially during the Republic era, instead they had insane levels of logistics and human capital. The Pyrrhic and Punic wars are just a series of entire Roman armies being killed to a man, only for Rome to shit out another one until they eventually win.

  8. 4 weeks ago
    Anonymous
    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      this picture shows partly why Greeks (and other ancients) lost to the Romans

      that overhead swing of the sword is slow, the roman legionary closes the distance, bangs his shield at the bottom of the other shield to make a gap and plunges his gladius into the armpit and stomach a few times within a few seconds. soldiers after him all crash the bottom of their heavy shields on this suckers head until the face becomes mush

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        By the time of Marius the legions had the stabbing thing down to a science. Usually they'd use their shield to pin down their opponent in front of them and then stab the guy in front of their right hand man.
        On top of that, the trained cohorts could rotate their soldiers so every guy was equally tired during a battle.
        During Trajan's time the Centurions even had a system to rotate their entire battle line cohorts out and switch in a fresh reserve.
        Also loads of fixes artillery support with ballistae abd other shit due to op roman logistics.

  9. 4 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    Four

    Diadochi

    Wars

    and the Babylon war

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Are the two parts of the Sarissa merely held together by gravity and friction?
      I would imagine that if both parts are just put together without any pegs, that the upper part would come loose rather quickly.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        hard to say, not many have survived without rotting. I would not be surprised if they had some kind of wooden wedge to put in the middle bit that jams the parts together so they will hold strongly. Kinda like how you attach an axe head into the shaft. Should be easy to implement.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          I'm sceptical with the wedge solution, as the Sarissa could be collapsed into two pieces. And removing such a wedge seems quite hard.
          Pic rel are the metal parts of a Sarissa found in Vergina. And the sleeve is apparently completely solid.

  10. 4 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    >Ancient
    >500 BC
    What would you call the Bronze age then?

  11. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    Booba

  12. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    >Some folks are born
    >Made to wave the aquila
    >Hoo, they're equestrian blue
    >And when the band plays "AVE TO THE CAESAR"
    >Ooh, they point the ballistae at you
    >Lord
    >It ain't me, it ain't me
    >I ain't no patrician's filius
    >It ain't me
    >IT AIN'T ME
    >I ain't no felix filius

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      >I aint no praetorians son, no no
      >I'm just a plebian one
      you had one fucking job

  13. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    TOTAL CARTHAGO DEATH

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      You won't do shit bitch. Fight me in real life if you're so tough, you won't.

  14. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    What would you have painted on your aspis PrepHole?
    I've always been partial to the gorgon with its tongue sticking out, but I might have also went with a dolphin.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Swazi. Or hydra.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Cant go wrong with a cat themed war implement

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Probably a bird. I like birds

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Probably a gorgon

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      >until late Middle Ages
      romaboo penultimae detected. Romaboo ultimae would say Europe still hasn't recovered. .

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Ayo ma bro busting out da clay pots
      No cap that shits gay yo

  15. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    Post more of Mycenaean kino

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous
      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        https://i.imgur.com/Nzf3EBS.jpg

        Poorfag cope

  16. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    If you want to discuss history go to PrepHole, most people on PrepHole only know about “history” through deadliest warrior and Lindybeige

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Wasted trips.
      You're fucking retarded. PrepHole is easily one of the worst boards on this site and you've either never browsed it or are one of the subhuman haplomorons and/or &humanities gays who uses it regularly.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      PrepHole hates lindybeige and deadliest warrior hasn't been mentioned here in a decade.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        Why should I hate Lindybeige?

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Because he doesn't ever know what he's talking about.

  17. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    On further thought, I did remember that a Greek general defeated the Romans before the gates of Carthage after the Romans issued ridiculous peace terms. But that wasn't a Greek army and was a one time thing, not a campaign like Pyrrhus waged. The guy knew when to collect his check and bail.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Xanthippus of Sparta.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      >guy knew when to collect his check and bail
      Look up Masinissa.

  18. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    >Punic wars

    CARTHAGO DELENDA EST
    ________________________________________
    CARTHAGO DELENDA EST
    FUCK GREEK gayS
    SPQR FOREVER
    Tribune (DXL)
    Quaestor (DL)
    Aedile (DLV)
    Praetor (DLVI)
    Consul (DLIX)
    Censor (DLXX)
    "Woman is a violent and uncontrolled animal, and it is useless to let go the reins and then expect her not to kick over the traces." - Me

  19. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    Would you survive as a skirmisher? Slowly building up captured armor to join the spear infantry?

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Nah fuck that. Maybe being a slinger would be ok, but I don't want to get close enough to throw javelins unless I have armor.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      I barely survive a fishing trip on a calm lake. I'd be better suited for camp chef or something

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Im too femmish boish to be anything but passed around

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      You would use your young age, light encumberment and athleticism to move faster than heavier infantry. Your projectiles keep you at range which means you already have a head start in the foot race to escape to safety. Your biggest enemy is cavalry as they can out run you, but that is why you rely on heavy infantry and your own cavalry to support you when you are finished with your mission. You don't ever have to become heavier infantry. Light infantry can scout and sustain themselves more efficiently than others.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        Poorfag cope

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Cute toes

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      I’d die for sure but I’d take plenty with me first but eventually I’d meet my match.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Most skirmishers would just throw their javelins or use their slings/bows once or twice then got the fuck out of there as the mainline forces closed in.

  20. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    Knowing Greeks, the phallic "head" of that helmet is surely intentional?

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      I think we need more plumpy delicious cocks in warfare.

  21. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    If anyone here is interested in reading more about Pyrrhus, here's Plutarch's Life of Pyrrhus.

    http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Pyrrhus*.html

    It's such a shame that Pyrrhus' own books didn't survive to the present because he wrote several war manuals and personal accounts of his own campaigns. Hannibal Barca is known to have studied these books quite extensively.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      There's something funny to me about 2 separate accounts describing, not without detail how Pyrrhus' teeth have no gaps and are fused together

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        I suppose that's the price you pay for a magic spleen curing toe.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      >One of them ran forth far in advance of the rest, a man who was huge in body and resplendent in armour, and in a bold voice challenged Pyrrhus to come out, if he were still alive. This angered Pyrrhus, and wheeling round in spite of his guards, he pushed his way through them — full of wrath, smeared with blood, and with a countenance terrible to look upon, and before the Barbarian could strike dealt him such a blow on his head with his sword that, what with the might of his arm and the excellent temper of his steel, it cleaved its way down through, so that at one instant the parts of the sundered body fell to either side This checked the Barbarians from any further advance, for they were amazed and confounded at Pyrrhus, and thought him some superior being.
      Literal anime character.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        I sorta understand why other Greek Kings’ soldiers would desert during campaigns in order to join up with Pyrrhus instead, the guy was larger then life.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        Greeks won against Barbarians because they were much better armored and practiced combined arms. but their armies were small, logistics were meh, and they did lots of homo sex so its Patricians for me

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Their recruitment sucked. By only limiting their armies to citizen militia they also limited the types of threats they could organically face by themselves.

          • 3 weeks ago
            Anonymous

            Didn't they field slave (helot) conscripts as well?

            • 3 weeks ago
              Anonymous

              Only when they were low on man power and facing an existential crisis. Usually slaves/helots would just perform logistical duties. If you had a 5k Greek army you probably had 5k to 10k helots supporting them.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Greek armies really were not that small after the Classical period though. During the Diadochi your average Hellenistic army was around 20,000 to 50,000 men strong. Even the Greeks who did retain their city state centric worldviews understood they needed to form bigger and bigger coalitions to compete with the proper Hellenistic states of the time.

          • 3 weeks ago
            Anonymous

            Romans could field 90 000 men after losing 2 battles before, just 80 years after Successor Wars.

            • 3 weeks ago
              Anonymous

              And yet in the decisive battle ending the Roman war with Macedon (Cynoscephalae) it was 25,000 vs 25,000, in the decisive battle in which Rome bullied the shit out of the Selucids (Magnesia) they where either outnumbered by 2 to 1 or it was an even match up of 50,000 to 50,000. I definitely agree that Romans are better at bouncing back from defeats and replacing loses but to call the Greek armies they faced too small just isn’t true.

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                Conditions in the field don’t always allow for full forces to be brought to bear against each other. In the third Macedonian war Rome was winning until the Macedonians consolidated their forces and slapped them at the battle of Callinicus. Rome then had to do some
                consolidation and reinforcement of their own before ultimately winning at Pydna.

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                At Pydna though it was still roughly 47,000 Macedonians against 40,000 Romans and their elephants. The Macedonian force was plenty big to compete, the Roman Maniple is just better at adapting than the pike phalanx.

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                Roman barbarian frothing at the mouth and throwing his unit’s standard deep into the Phalanx in order to force his men to push through only for them to get PIKE’D. Had to retreat to rough ground to even compete.

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                Yeah, they simply had an endless amount of well trained people to throw at the problem, First and Second Punic Wars being the exemplars of their capacity to adapt and overcome.

                Incredible that a millennium later, European states would consider a loss of 20 Knights as a major thing.

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                >European states would consider a loss of 20 Knights as a major thing.
                Don't forget the instant disappearance of other cultural specifics such as mass produced factory goods including fabrics, glass, ceramic, steel and brass tools and ornaments, multiple storied buildings, paved roads, international trade, diplomacy, literacy and the written word, representative art, public works, sanitation, complex machines like hoists and jacks, and so forth. It was rather shocking to discover that outside of mechanization, Roman Empire subjects had a life almost as modern as our own, and how far the European societies fell when it collapsed

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                the los of those knights wasn't because there weren't more men at arms to go out and fight but because they where the nobility running things.
                Just as how shocked rome was when ever a consul and a bunch of senators got killed

                >European states would consider a loss of 20 Knights as a major thing.
                Don't forget the instant disappearance of other cultural specifics such as mass produced factory goods including fabrics, glass, ceramic, steel and brass tools and ornaments, multiple storied buildings, paved roads, international trade, diplomacy, literacy and the written word, representative art, public works, sanitation, complex machines like hoists and jacks, and so forth. It was rather shocking to discover that outside of mechanization, Roman Empire subjects had a life almost as modern as our own, and how far the European societies fell when it collapsed

                >he instant disappearance
                lol no
                >your list
                non of those where lost tough
                >roman lived an almost modern live outside of mechanization
                lol

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                You see digs all over Europe and britain where the medieval layers are crude pottery, 3rd grade art project garden gnomeelry and Saxon mud walled round houses and right under those are Roman mosaic and tile floors, brick walls, glass bottles and metal luxury items from all around the Empire. It's a damn steep cliff the West fell of and denying it is stupid. Only Rome itself and the Eastern Empire remained anything like civilized in Europe after 472 until the late middle ages. Paris was a cowshed after the Roman's left

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                >3rd grade art project garden gnomeelry

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                >Saxon mud walled round houses

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                >all of Europe is the britiain and the northern part of Western Europe
                you claim that the ability to produce all those things got lost all the a once with the fall of the western empire.
                and all you have "oh but anglo-saxon longhouses aren't roman villas".
                The romans had alreadly left the area years before the fall or rome and before abandoning it the level of the material culture had already been degrading.
                >Paris was a cowshed after the Roman's left
                Paris wasn't even an important roman center. And roman paris got sacked several times while still under roman rule.
                you have at best a plebs understanding of the period.
                the fall of western roman empire wasn't an on/of switch being flipped. People didn't forget everything and people developed a lot of new things. The changes weren't universal with for instance the difference between those parts that kept late roman law and those that adopted germanic legal codes. ect ect

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                >you claim that the ability to produce all those things got lost all the a once with the fall of the western empire.

                Objectively they couldn't because a lot of things necessary to maintain the kind of lifestyle and standards of living Romans had went away as soon as the Empire fell due to the sudden closing of trade routes. Pottery and clay tiles alone disappeared practically overnight and you don't find them any more in archeology, conversely, you start seeing a decline in the health of people of the time, their skeletons start shrinking, they are more bent and full of poorly healed fractures, and they start showing signs of parasites. Their ability to feed themselves, conserve food or even live in clean and safe houses just went away.

                >and all you have "oh but anglo-saxon longhouses aren't roman villas".
                >The romans had alreadly left the area years before the fall or rome and before abandoning it the level of the material culture had already been degrading.

                Roman culture had been declining for a long time in Britain and indeed they weren't even there anymore when the Empire fell but the loss was still felt and sent ripples all over the ancient world. It was a proper collapse of civilization at large that took at least 50 to 100 years to stabilize and pitch back up, at least three generations of Europeans in every country saw nothing but decay and destruction happen before their eyes.

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                I don't get why meds think the Romans civilized northern Europe, as soon as the romans were pushed back and the western empire fell all of the places conquered by rome were conquered by people that rome couldn't conquer
                They inherited Europe and made Europe straight again

                And you talk about their house building techniques, you only have to look at the colosseum to see the primitive habits of the roman
                It looks like it was built by early man

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                >I don't get why meds think the Romans civilized northern Europe, as soon as the romans were pushed back and the western empire fell all of the places conquered by rome were conquered by people that rome couldn't conquer

                There's nothing Rome reached that didn't have lasting changes and returned to the way it was, the main reason Germanic tribes were capable of competing with Roman armies is that they had such prolonged contact with Romans many Germans served in the legions and adopted their structure and culture, the Roman legions became a culture of its own separate from the Roman civilian wolrd due to being posted in the frontiers for centuries. Germanic culture is just legionary culture with chieftains and their retinue mimmicking the structure of Auxiliary commanders and their troops, their legal framework and customs as well, the biggest example of this are the Franks but the Goths developed almost straight out of Roman military tradition.

                >They inherited Europe and made Europe straight again
                Romans had to beat Christianity into the Germans who adopted it later

                >And you talk about their house building techniques, you only have to look at the colosseum to see the primitive habits of the roman
                >It looks like it was built by early man

                Brickwork is something that specifically couldn't have been made in northern Europe before Rome came around because the specific mixture of clay and ash to make bricks consistently wasn't available to them, Romans used volcanic ash both for concrete and brick to put up structures quickly and that would endure drastic temperature changes and earthquakes, the main reason Roman ruins survive to this day is precisely because their concrete self-seals better than modern concrete.

  22. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    I just picked up the Landmark series for some of the Greek authors. I’m going to start with Herodotus.

  23. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    I'm going to say it: Spartans are overrated. The thracians were a superior warrior-culture and the athenians have them beat ito socio-economics.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Very Based, they knew how to prove to the boss they were earning their keep.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        Whats with the weird sword spears

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Those are Falx

          • 3 weeks ago
            Anonymous
          • 3 weeks ago
            Anonymous

            https://i.imgur.com/a4x8FGt.jpg

            https://i.imgur.com/QNEQ4RY.jpg

            but why are they all straight in the picture? Isnt the defining quality of a Falx that it isnt straight?

            • 3 weeks ago
              Anonymous

              They’re rhomphaia. Basically just a straight falx.

            • 3 weeks ago
              Anonymous

              They’re rhomphaia. Basically just a straight falx.

              Pretty sure the small bit of curve in that first picture in question is just hidden in neck meat from the severed heads.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous
        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Farm tools

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      All team switching, Polis-less Thraciggers get the spear.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        Fuck being cav at this time. Riding bareback sucks.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      The Athenians definitely have them beat in the departments of industrialized pedophillia and the exaltation of prostitutes to the level of greater influence than senators.

  24. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    What is the common diet on soldiers back then on the march?

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Bread was first and foremost, as it was with most ancient armies. After that, dried meats and fruits were very common. Anything beyond that would depend on what was local to the region you were marching through.
      As an aside, Alexander really liked ice cream and presumably ate in when campaigning in snowy regions.

  25. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    >Ask for ancient warfare
    >Describes classical warfare
    Fag.

  26. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous
    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      >We've just landed here with Legio X on what the troops are calling "Big J"
      >It's an ugly nation, a garden gnome nation

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous
    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      I would love to see this in Latin.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        servitium confirmat civitatem
        plus scire vis?

  27. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    Do you like your shield to be rectangular, round, or oval?

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Hexagonal

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        >Hexagons
        Can you garden gnomes cool it with the hexagons for one fucking second. Jesus christ it's always Black Cubes this and Hexagons that. We get it.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      https://i.imgur.com/kCW8br1.jpg

      Hexagonal

      Fuck you both, Crescent!

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous
  28. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    Reeeee!!!!! Why are the garden gnomes always winning! It's been this way since Moses in 1,600!

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      >Be Rome at height of its extent under Trajan.
      >Fight series of wars with tiny desert kingdom full of religious fanatics and their "one God."
      >Just one of these wars kills 750,00-1.3 million people in your empire, a not insignificant proportion of the whole and more than all your wars with barbarians over two centuries."
      >Finally overcome the garden gnomes.
      >End up worshipping their one God within a century anyhow.

      >Be Persia at height of Muslim empire
      >Little gnomish fanatic community revolts.
      >Lose

      >Be successor of Alexander with most powerful kingdom.
      >Little tiny gnomish kingdom revolts due to religious autism
      >Lose.

      garden gnomes were OP back then due fanaticism and religious zealotry that would make ISIS blush.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        And yet the comic tier kvetching was still also a thing.

        And people say the Bible doesn't have humor lol.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      >Seleucids
      it was all downhill from Ipsus

  29. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    >be super tough guy Spartans
    >"No you move."
    >"If you come."
    >ebin
    >get raped by gay super homo soldiers from Thebes
    What did they mean by it?

    Guys, I had a vision of the far future when another group of super tough guys called the VDV also got raped by a group called "HATO super homos."

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      homo make you strong

  30. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    Was ancient warfare really as deadly as media makes it seem? I remember before deploying thinking I was gonna see thousands dead but it wasn’t anything like that

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      I think the main difference between ancient and modern warfare is the type of wounds everyone was taking the amount of violence per square mile. Ancient battles happen over the course of a few days at one location, with everyone who dies usually taking on massive stab wounds from spears and short swords which would bleed them quit literally like a stuck pig, leaving most corpses pale white and galleons of blood soaking into the ground. Modern battles take place over the course of weeks on fronts many miles long. Deaths are caused by men usually being exploded in some way or riddled with multiple bullet wounds. Fragmentation organ failure caused by the explosions and Bullet exit wounds tear the shit out of bodies in modern war.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      In a lot of inter Greek hoplite warfare before the mass adoption of Cavalry casualties usually were pretty low. As soon as a route started the routers would usually throw down their armor and weapons and thus easily outrun their pursuers maintaining their arms in hand. Thats why the Spartan mother told her son to come home with his shield or on it, and why after most Greek victories they took the arms and armor of their foes and stacked it into a big pile as a display of their victory.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        That is to saw there was usually a lot more armor and weapons laying on the ground then actual Greek dead. This is also why the experienced drilling and discipline of the Spartans was so prized. Being able to rally and withdraw in good order avoided having to throw down all ones equipment in a mass panic.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          It’s also a reason the Spartans stayed to die at the Hot Gates. Since the Persians had cavalry someone needed to buy time for the rest of the Greeks to withdraw in good order without fear of being run down by Persian horsemen.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        >and why after most Greek victories they took the arms and armor of their foes and stacked it into a big pile as a display of their victory.
        At a chariot game hosted by King Herod and visited by Augustus Caesar, there was the traditional spoils display like you say: shield leaning against spear and so on, ornamenting the track. Commemorating some victory. The Hebrews saw this display and were insulted and shouted and stirred.
        They took insult because they thought the displays were nude statues Lol, in Greek/Roman style. Caesar loled and the totems were taken down.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          fucking cancel culture man

  31. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous
  32. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    >a couple of millennia ago people were killing each other face to face in shiny bronze armor
    >now people are killed by carboard rc places
    Where did war go so wrong?

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      The thing that really bothers me is how bureaucratic things are today. A random guy could go out and become a king if he was bold and shrewd enough. That just couldn't happen in the modern world.
      Gunpowder was truly a mistake.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        >A random guy could go out and become a king if he was bold and shrewd enough. That just couldn't happen in the modern world.

        Do you really think this doesn't happen?

        The world isn't run by presidents or anyone democratically elected

  33. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    How do you cope with never being as PrepHole as the byzantines?

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      The top auto complete for "Did the Romans" is "Did the Romans fight the Vikings". Little do they know that Vikings fought for the Romans to unbelievable success.

  34. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    Say hello to the legionary for the next century

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      >The second segmentata disappears
      It's... it's over...

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        It didn't actually. New segmentata wasn't made of course, but some of the Spanish legions were wearing it into the late 300s.
        Honestly though, fuck segmentata. SQVAMATA chads rise up.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Scale armor needs to become iconic of late Rome like Segmentata is for high empire, it's just too aesthetic

          • 3 weeks ago
            Anonymous

            For me it's Late Dominate>Polybian Republic>Early Republic>Late Principate/Early Dominate>Marian Republic>Early Principate

            • 3 weeks ago
              Anonymous

              Is there a chart for this?

              • 3 weeks ago
                Anonymous

                Not to my knowledge.

          • 3 weeks ago
            Anonymous

            jesus fuck, late roman equipment is so kino

  35. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    Hey lindy how r u

  36. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    I know this is an ancient warfare thread but I have to ask. Did they ACTUALLY do tacking on gambesons like in pic rel around the 14th century? Or is this just modern fantasy larp shit? The reason why im asking is that im making an aketon to go under a brigandine atm.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      I thought that look came from people conflating brigandines/jack of plates with gambesons.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        Then its bullshit?

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      No. Waste of metal, and a misconception because Gary gygax was retarded.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        Ok thank you.

  37. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    So

    How did Roman troop cycling work?

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      *TWEEEEEEEEEEEEEET*

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      We don't actually know, and there's reason to think it didn't actually happen as a large scale thing, but rather as individual men rotating within the unit, or as entire maniples simply filtering forward through the lines and telling them to fuck off to the rear.

      Basically nobody who's actually been in an infantry block AND read the primary sources is buying the HBO whistle bullshit. It's utterly impractical when you're chest to chest in a shield fight to just fuck off and hope the guy you're engaging doesn't immediately knock you on your ass or follow you.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        >hope the guy you're engaging doesn't immediately knock you on your ass or follow you.
        I always thought this too. It seemed to me that an enemy could just stab you on the switch.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        Well in battles weren't there natural pauses where the lines disengaged after a while to catch their breath/reorganize for a charge? I suppose that could be a good time for swapping out tired men.
        I remember one battle between German (Teutonic, I think) and Polish knights where they would clash 3 or 4 times, pausing inbetween long enough to exchange captives/wine.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          found the battle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Koronowo

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          Yeah natural pauses are a thing, a d you could conceivably change lines then. It's still risky, buy nowhere NEAR as suicidal as rotating your entire front while engaged the way people like to imagine happened.

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        >Basically nobody who's actually been in an infantry block AND read the primary sources is buying the HBO whistle bullshit. It's utterly impractical when you're chest to chest in a shield fight to just fuck off and hope the guy you're engaging doesn't immediately knock you on your ass or follow you.

        Wouldnt the guys behind you move up first before you pull back? Actually werent battles not a constant line of contact but two lines standing in front of eachother and intermittently pushing then bouncing back?

        Yeah natural pauses are a thing, a d you could conceivably change lines then. It's still risky, buy nowhere NEAR as suicidal as rotating your entire front while engaged the way people like to imagine happened.

        I dont think there'd be full on pauses as much as an alternating between melee and skirmishing, you could move a full block of infantry up while the currently engaged ones pull back a few paces or are covered by a few barrage of missiles, a ton of battles were won thanks to soldiers pursuing a fake out retreat and being shot to pieces.

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          >Wouldnt the guys behind you move up first before you pull back?
          Not enough room, unless everyone is extremely disciplined and drilled in procedures. That is really where the Romans excelled. We have the same thing today, when a unit replaces another in the front line; again, it's a manoeuvre that requires training and drill and the successful execution of it is what sets apart a good army from a shit one.

          Remember that: a shit army isn't one that doesn't know how to do something, it's one that fucks up while attempting it.

          >Actually werent battles not a constant line of contact but two lines standing in front of eachother and intermittently pushing then bouncing back?
          Yes
          If you've ever been in a gang fight or a riot, the rioters is how most undisciplined troops behave; riot cops is more how the Romans or other good armies were like.

          >you could move a full block of infantry up while the currently engaged ones pull back a few paces or are covered by a few barrage of missiles
          Again this is dependent on a disciplined withdrawal instead of running away in relief, and the covering forces being accurate in providing cover fire and inflicting casualties. If the retreating forces- which you must remember comprise tired and wounded men - withdraw in a rush, or the supporting troops are unable to effectively deter pursuit, well that is how a front line breaks.

          >a ton of battles were won thanks to soldiers pursuing a fake out retreat and being shot to pieces
          More battles were won when a part of the line ran for their lives and opened up a gap. In fact that is usually how ancient battles conclude.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Most likely maniples conducting a passage through lines, which if done in an orderly and controlled fashion would indeed be quite war-winning
      Unironically the best depiction of a "checkerboard" infantry assault is Gladiator's opening battle.

      The problem is that (surviving) ancient writers were unable to describe it adequately and historians are nearly total armchair retards who don't know anything close to military practice because why would gayy nerds lost in the past ever overlap with the modern military?

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Greenhorns in front, veterans second and senior/NCOs third.
      The tyros would lead the charge and the 2cnd and 3 lines were to make sure they didn't fold out of fear, either by prodding them along or taking up the slack where men went down to hold the line.

  38. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    When Rome had finished subjugating Greece I wonder if when they levied from them if the men fought as hoplites, or were told to fight more in the Roman style?

  39. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    bump i haven't read

  40. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    I heard julius caesar was a gay that bottomed

  41. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    The Myconeans and their dendra panoply was peak dunking on the poors.

  42. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous
  43. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous
  44. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous
  45. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous
  46. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    This thread made me read up the fall of Rome and by God does it hit hard. Not that I want to live as a dirt poor peasant more likely to die before I hit 40 but those were really interesting times. To see all those proto European nations among Rome and proto mongols would have been fucking thrillng

  47. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    do you think there were ever any 1v1 duels between 2 sarissa pikemen

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      Probably not sadly. There were a lot of duels in the era of the Diadochi, but most of them seem to have been fought with swords.

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      They probably didn't have pike vs pike techniques in antiquity but they were an actual thing in late medieval

  48. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    I'd rather be in bronze age Germany-Poland c.1250 BC

  49. 3 weeks ago
    Anonymous

    get PrepHole

    • 3 weeks ago
      Anonymous

      I recognize the Boeotian influence, but what is this?

      • 3 weeks ago
        Anonymous

        Thracian

        • 3 weeks ago
          Anonymous

          ate my pic

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